THE ZKVM PIPELINE
📝
Compile
High-level code
→ VM instructions
⚙
Execute
Run on VM, record
execution trace
𝑓
Arithmetize
VM rules become
polynomial constraints
🔒
Prove
Commit, FRI, produce
succinct STARK proof
✓
Verify
Check proof, never
re-execute program
program.rs
trace table
C(x), Q(x)
STARK proof
✓ / ✗